Thales Ship At Sea Activity Purpose The Purpose Of The Activity Was T

Thales "Ship at Sea" Activity Purpose: The purpose of the activity was to learn that the Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC), and how you can use it in different situations. We familiarized ourselves with the corresponding parts of congruent triangles. We also were supposed to find the distance to an object without actually measuring the distance to that object directly. Step one: Suzie Pipperno and I had to pick a concrete block about forty feet away from the sidewalk in back of the school. Step two: We then tried to align a cone with the cement block without getting close to it. Step three: We had to pace out a certain distance, 10 steps, from the cone, place a flag, the pace the same distance again, in a continuous segment, and place another cone. Step four: We walked at a right angle to the second cone until we had the cement block and the flag perfectly in line. Step five: We took a string and stretched it the distance from the second cone to the pla ce we stopped walking. Step six: We placed the string against a tape measure and found that the approximate distance from the cement block to the first cone was thirty eight feet-two inches. Step seven: We used the string to measure the exact distance from the cement block the first cone using the tape measure to measure the string, which was forty two feet-one inch. Step Eight: We used the string to get an exact measurement from the first cone to the flag. Then used the string to correct the distance of the second cone from the flag. Step nine: We walked at a right angle from the second cone until the flag and the cement block are lined up again. Step ten: We used the string and tape measure to measure the distance of the path we walked and came up with forty one feet-two inches. Conclusion: We were able to conclude, without directly measuring the distance to the cement block, that the distance to the block was approximately forty one feet-two inches. Relation: The way this activit y relates to our mathematical studies is that it familiarizes us with the congruent parts of congruent triangles, and teaches us that you can use the congruence of triangles in real life. How we proved the triangles congruent: If you look at the attached diagram you will see that there are 2 sides with a | through them. That means that those sides, or line segments, are congruent. You will also notice two angles with ?s spanning their angle measure. That means that that those two angles are congruent. Also you will see two sides with a || through them. That means the same thing as the first pair of segments with the | through them, but it signifies that those two line segments are congruent with each other and not the other two. These triangles are congruent by a postulate SAS (Side-Angle-Side). Which states that if two triangles have a Side an Angle and a Side Congruent then both of the triangles are totally congruent. Comments on Activity: I think that the activity was worthwhil e, because I learned how errors in measurement and sighting can cause inaccuracies in measured distences, and the larger the distances you are working with, the larger the errors. Idea to Improve or Extend: My idea is to do the activity three times, and in each have the block at a different distance. This would enable you to see how distance effects accuracy. Glossary Angle- an angle consists of two different rays that have the same initial point, the vertex. Congruent angles- two angles that share the same measure Congruent segments- two segments that share the same measure CPCTC- abbreviation for corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent Postulate-A statement accepted without proof as true SAS Postulate-If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to two sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent Triangle- A polygon with three sides

The Classical Western Essays

The Classical Western Essays The Classical Western Essay The Classical Western Essay Essay Topic: Classical Film genres vary from a range of different aspects such as categories, classifications or groups of films that are persistent and have similar or common identifiable patterns. For example syntax, filmic techniques or conventions. This includes one or more of the following setting, content and subject matter, theme, period, plot, central narrative, motif, styles, structures, situations, recurring, icons, stock character and stars many movies overlap quite a few film genres. Westerns are the main significant genre of the American film industry. They are one of the oldest, generally lasting genres with extremely recognisable plots, elements and characters, (Six guns, horses, dusty, towns and trails). Since the olden days, western have been reconstructed in many ways and drawn out. It portrays the conquest of the wilderness and nature. Western movies also refer back to the colonial period, this gives us a chance to interpret different context and develop our own view of modern movies to western. It is most definite one of the most artistic exploration of the Western time, as it redefines its past aspirations and ideas. High Noon One of the most popular, carefully shot and highly stylised movies is High Noon .It owes its popularity to suspense in the real sense which is very extraordinary and appealing to audiences and also its theme tune. The cultural form of this movie symbolises the western atmosphere. Features such as the photograph of the old civil war are a sign of reflecting the historical subjects of western time. The Pro-Filmic Codes are everything that happens in front of the camera. Such as the setting of the scene and features which are included in the scene. In High Noon the pro filmic codes include the tumbleweed, which is a representation of how deserted the area was in western times. It highlights the fact of isolation. Guns portrayed the action/violence of the characters and everyone was influenced of the fact that if you possess a gun you are a cowboy. So, there were basically influenced by wanting their position in society and reputation. Dress Code included the typical cowboy hats, boots and coats. The heros will wear light colours and outstanding ones however villains will be in darker colours to outline their negative role. Women wore dresses covering themselves mostly, however they had a very forward and bold look to them as of their tight braziers, which reflected more of an open look towards them. I think their look was the first change since the Elizabethan women and what the y used to wear. Saloon was one of the most socializing places of western towns. As the men used to drink, play cards, fight and pay visits to the whorehouses mostly situated upstairs. Church is the place of worship, which existed for Christians. The people in High Noon would mostly use it for confession and to wash away their sins. In High Noon, the sheriffs office was one of the most seen places in the movie as it came into a lot of use because of the villains. Also because the Sheriff was the hero and everything mostly revolved around his actions. Stables, horse posts and coaches were the most used transportation in the Western times. Another main place in High Noon is the train station every larger city had a station. The barbershop and general store are not shown in the movie much but was essential to a westernised movie. It was more of a socializing place as people used to gossip about others. In the movie Kanes wife Amy awaits her husband in the hotel, where she find out more gossip about her husband from one of the hotel workers. High Noon has one hero, one main villain and his helpers. Filmic Codes are technical Codes such as dialogue. One of the interesting techniques used in this movie was in fact to have the sequence of events occur in the real time. When a clock is shown in a scene, an event the audience expects to occur at another given time will occur that number of minutes later in the movie. This particular factor time is a filmic code of the movie. The colour of the movie, which is Black and White, is there to capture the atmosphere of old civil war photographs. The Theme and the music are based on the western image. It has a theme tune which persistently whines its way into the subconscious. The Southern Dialogue is an identifying tool of the characters; it helps us understand the nature of the people and their upbringing. A further filmic code shines all the way through at the station, when Helen Wills mature mistress boards the train. She notices the coming of Frank Miller-first seen from behind to build curiosity and enlarge tension and anticipation an d then seen with a close-up of his acne-scarred face. Establishing shots includes the crane shot, just before the final gunfight. The shot backs up and raises, and we see the character totally alone and isolated on the street. The entire town has deserted him. Through this event normal life has been disturbed .All of the given technical Codes are organised one after the other to create an abrupt feeling of a westernised movie. They all follow through an important role to fulfil a western genre. It probably works best as a thriller as it builds to a climax, but the ending of this is a bit unsatisfactory. The Theme of this movie includes the basics of a western movie. Violence, conflicts, marriage, sacrifice, death and love. The Sheriff gets married but after feels that he wants to give up his status as he wants to move on in life and enjoy his life. He is to weak to fulfil this wish, it is a story of a man who was to proud to run .The Villains get out of prison and after the sheriff is isolated as the town folks want him to leave. However, he cant because he has got responsibilities like his own wife and the societys protection. Many of the frightened, self-servicing and gutless townspeople are leaving in order to be absent when Miller shows up. The Showdown includes the high-awaited climax, which was a bit disappointing. The Hero wins, he disdainfully looks around reaches for his tin badge, takes it ff and drops it into the dusty street and turn to leave. He not only throws way his badge but his responsibility of the people. Magnificent 7 The Story of this movie is very similar to a Chinese film called Seven Samurai. A peasant village in Northern Mexico hires American gun fighters to fight off Calveras forty thieves. Pro-filmic codes, its a village, which is set in Mexico. There are Farmers who are dressed in white to show their innocence and no mean for harm to others .A Church, which is worn out, and old just like the rest of the village. This shows the poverty and their living standards. A pub, which is not like a saloon in the normal westerns. It was more like an open aired space, where people could sit anywhere in peace mostly outside on the terrace. Only the Magnificent 7 or the bandits used horses. Then we have the dress code of the Magnificent 7, which were all different as it reflects their individuality. Yul Brynner (Chris) is dressed in black portraying his dark past. Vin, dressed in white/ brown clothes showing more of a positive background. There are 7 heroes and one main villain with his fellow bandits. Filmic Codes, the movie is in colour. The wide shot used at the start of the introduction of the village is very informative as it shows what the features are of the village and gives us a clear idea of the village. Spanish language, this reflects the context and the dialogue. The theme music is by Elmer Bernstein. There is one theme tune played for the heroes and a different one for the villains, this reflects the difference of character. Chris, a leader, probably a noble fighter who comes across danger a lot. This is why he has earned the confidence in understanding his emotions and problematic situations. Vin, a competent person with a weapon he is defiantly similar to a cowboy. He likes the fact of being independent but wants to settle down and live his own way. Chico, he is the youngest of the seven also the most innocent and inexperienced. He wants to forget his past, which revolved around farming and wants to prove himself of being a fighter like the others. Bernardo, is a brawny solitary man that is a lot like Chris however does not seem to be as eager to lead. He is a very intriguing character and very unique. He has earned a bit of money from his past but has nothing now. The concentration he gives to the local community gives us an idea of his goodness and that he can part both violence and decency. This is what becomes a very important issue near the end as he runs to save the village children but unfortunately is killed by doing so. Lee is a very tricky character to understand. He seems to be the hard and strong gunman who used to be selfish and arrogant. But after so many years having understood life in a different way makes him realise his weaknesses. He really wants to do the right thing but finds it so hard to do it when it comes to the time. Britt is an outsider who is plainly misunderstood. He is someone whos thinking remains to him. Harry is a decent man but lets tings influence his decisions easily. He is like someone who is so close to get what he wants but always makes the mistake to step back. Its always like he has got it but refuses to take it. The chief of the bandits is Calvera who is not a contrasting fellow. He believes that his job is to steal and rob in order to provide himself and his men. The theme of this movie is a conflict between farmers and bandits, the farmers hire gunfighters. Seven heroes are hired to protect the village, first invasion of bandits is not successful and the heroes succeed. Bandits find another access to the village. The Bandits prepare a trap, which the heroes fall for. Heroes pride is hurt. This encourages them to fight back; it leads onto the showdown in the village. The Heroes win although 4 die and 3 survive. Village is saved, and then we are portrayed with the theme of love. As one of the heroes, Chico stays as he has fallen in love with one of the farmers daughters. Chris and Vin leave the village. Once upon a time in the West It is a spaghetti western as it is influenced by an Italian culture. The director himself is Italian too. It tells a story of five characters all entangled by possessions just prepared valuable by the railroad. Pro-Filmic Codes. Deserted Train Station this is ironic as it is a public place and hardly ever is deserted. There is a house, which is situated away from the town itself, The McBain property. Which the villains, Frank and Morton plan to take it. Harmonica and Cheyenne are the two heroes, as Harmonica is trying to get revenge on Frank and Cheyenne is blamed for killing the McBain family and for its own goodness he wants to try to find out who the real killer is. The real hero of the movie is in fact Jill McBain who is the beautiful prostitute who married Bratt McBain. To take revenge for her familys outcome she stays in the house and does not leave the town. She even has sexual contact with Frank but only to get closer to her enemy. Filmic Codes, this movie is in colour. The cinematography is excellent. Wide shots of the stunning, open rural area lends to the impressive classical feel. To portray feelings and emotions, close ups were used rather than dialogues. The movie travels very gradually and in a very spectacular and heroic way. We are presented with 3 men with weapons s the train station with backgrounded noises for example the creaking of the windmills. There is a zoom in on the mens faces as the train arrives at the station. The theme music include the Harmonica, this again outlines the western influence also the guitar, banjo and romantic theme. The use of natural sounds is very good for example the flight of birds and the horses. The theme includes death, revenge and nature. Long opening scene introducing the 3 villains and 1 hero. Villains kill McBain family except the wife who is not present. After death, the townsfolks gather around the McBain property. Jill McBain arrives at her house seeing the people of the town surrounding the dead bodies. She swears revenge. Cheyenne is introduced as the second hero and he encounters with Jill at her house. He also meets Harmonica. They think of a plan to save the property, this links onto the showdown where eye shots are used frequently. Heroes win and the 2 villains die. Revenge comes to an end. Over the time, we have developed our understanding of movies which are very different in many ways whether it be the way the characters are introduces, how long the introductory scene is and what other things such as noises we should take into consideration. There is something in every movie, which is unique; there is always one aspect of what difference it makes to others. That is why every movie varies because they advance from each other, which develops, into a more and more altered way of viewing cinema. The Generic Conventions and themes influence the characters, plot and themes. It is what makes the movie, a movie. Without these things there wouldnt be an understanding between the features so it wouldnt flow. This develops through language, music, characterisation and classifications.

Evolution of Managment Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evolution of Managment - Research Paper Example While the subject is broad, it poses various limitations for those studying it. The dynamism of management was historically attributed to its varied functions and wide scope of applications. The same has been going to show until today; wherever we look, it is hard to imagine the permissibility of the various workings of different organizations without its operational framework -- management. Of interest also are the added factors to play in management’s dynamism. The most visible and overbearing presence is the organizational environment’s locomotion, which is invariably referred to as â€Å"change†. This change successfully goaded the existing management principles, theories, applications, or practices to differing and sometimes, conflicting directions. Moreover, it did not cease to break barriers and exploit uncharted waters, but inevitably reaped the organizational response through the management’s continuum of developments. Indeed, the future of the st udy of management is teeming with possibilities. However, it is essential in every study to achieve a retrospective understanding of the field, especially one as broad as management. Moreover, to effectively reflect this retrospective understanding, one may attempt to peek on the field’s personal application. ... In fact, it is noteworthy how these early management proponents tend to tie their management theory or principle to their specialization. The pattern is not hard to notice – the law adept (i.e., Max Weber) pushed his bureaucratic management; engineers and mathematicians preferred the scientific and quantitative schools while psychologists gave preference to the behavioral school. Though these thinkers’ background gave them the authority to speak and explain management according to their fields, they did not acknowledge the inherent limits of their fields and their consequent theories. Barnett (n.d.) stated the prevalent difference in assumptions governing the working people and their organizations. Though it may be relatively easy to pinpoint how these independent notions started, it is difficult to understand why the proponents saw no need to synthesize and integrate their findings to one, uniform school of thought. In fact, it is observable how a management theory tri es to either erase the validity of the preceding theory or give it an entirely different perspective. Though the ‘new’ theory seeks to improve its preceding one, it is stripped of the valid assumptions made by the preceding theory. In other words, the new theory entirely discredits the preceding one; it fails to make sense of the whole idea of improving the previous theory. The key to this pattern is the base assumptions of each school of management. These assumptions are the foundations of each theory or principle. Thus, pointing out the need for improvement in a theory’s foundation on which the whole theory is based is equivalent to a head-on disagreement. In perusing the evolution of management, one may conclude that the schools of thought

How can Virtual Learning Environments promote parental engagement in Literature review

How can Virtual Learning Environments promote parental engagement in children's learning - Literature review Example The literature review also identifies and defines virtual learning environments, their benefits and how virtual learning environments contribute to the promotion of parental engagement in their children’s learning. The literature review will ultimately confirm the hypothesis that virtual learning environments contribute to the promotion of parental engagement in their children’s learning. Introduction By 1997, it had become increasingly clear that parental involvement was essential for child’s educational success as parents and caregivers are decidedly not only the child’s first, but most pervasive educators (Whalley, 2004). Even so, administrators, policy-makers and educators acknowledge that parental involvement in their children’s learning continue to be a problem (Fitzgerald 2004). The challenge is therefore to get parents engaged in the child’s learning. A review of the literature highlights the significance of parental engagement in the child’s learning process and the prospects of improving parental involvement via virtual learning environments (VLE). ... I. Importance of Parental Involvement/Home-school Links Parental engagement is comprised of participating in conferences with teachers, attending student programmes; taking on voluntary activities; helping the child with their homework assignment, engaging the child in conversation about school work and school experiences and establishing constructs for activities in the home (BECTA 2009). The Department of Education and Skills (DfES) released a report in 2002 which drew on a comprehensive review of the literature. The report noted that parental involvement was key to a child’s learning proficiency from early on and until age 16. Parental involvement during the early years had a positive influence on the child’s cognitive growth as well as literacy and numeracy progress. The DfES also noted that a parent’s involvement in the child’s learning was more influential than other familial factors such as family structure, size, background and the parent’s own educational background (DfES 2002). Researchers have formulated an exhaustive list of the potential benefits of parental involvement in the child’s learning process. The list includes better school attendance, better academic performance, better study habits and higher educational expectations on the part of parents (Hornby 2005). In other words, parental involvement is believed to have a positive influence on the nature of the education the child receives. There is a prevailing view that children with parental support for learning at home and children with parents that foster a learning atmosphere at home typically perform better academically than children who do not have that kind of parental support and encouragement at home (Pugh and Duffy 2010). Essentially, the positive benefits

Written Assignments - nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Written Assignments - nursing - Essay Example ice of both the RN and the advanced practice RN and they will continue to seek federal funding for education and training and assure every nurses right to bargain for compensation and working conditions. b. ANCC certification is important because it opens doors. It validates skills and increases salaries. According to the AMA website, the certification can mean $9,000 increase over other nurse salaries. Governing boards, insurers, and military, as well as healthcare providers throughout the country see this as a testament to the competency of the nurse with the certification. www.nursingworld.org b. There are many factors affecting the nursing shortage. Many nurses that are presently working are getting ready to retire. The average age has continued to increase over the last few years. For many years the numbers of nursing schools declined as the numbers of people declined as well as hospitals. Now it is a game of catch up to get enough nursing schools, train enough instructors and improve salaries and benefits in such a way that it is attractive to enough people. c. The State of California has been increasing the numbers of RN graduates at a steady pace. They have managed that by increasing state funding to nursing programs, for equipment, and for instructional technologies. They are also studying the career paths that nurses are taking when graduating so they can begin to change patterns of education where needed. a. The RN is a dynamic member of the healthcare team, contributing to diversity an culture. The RN is able to collaborate with all of the stakeholders in the healthcare system as the advocate for her patients care and for delivery of quality healthcare. b. The goal of the education of an Associate Degree nurse is to create a well defined pathway into the field of nursing. It is a continually evolving need created by the healthcare community around them. The basic tenants that are taught are quality patient care, advocacy for

Agricultural Climate Adaptation Plan

Agricultural Climate Adaptation Plan Krity Neermul Agricultural Climate Adaptation Plan: A Case Study of the Mauritius Sugar Cane Industry Introduction: Climate change being now a reality, the future weather projections of Mauritius is contemplating a warmer and drier condition in the coming years. The annual temperature is expected to increase by 2.0Â °C by the 2060s and a decrease in the annual rainfall by 13% by 2050s coupled with extreme events like recurrent flash flood, acute drought and cyclone (McSweeney et al., 2010). Agriculture is fundamentally driven and dependent on climate and as such any distortion in the climatic conditions would have serious consequences on production. Likewise, the thread of climate change to the sugarcane industry of Mauritius is now real. Hence, given it considerable economic, social and environmental importance, sugar cane industry should be; prepared for and shielded again, the potential devastating effect of climate change. It is undebatable that the effect of climate on the industry would be felt all throughout its value chain line starting from the primary industry, passing through secondary level and going up the ladder till the national economic benchmark (Muchow et al., 1999). The impacts are real which are mainly due to due rise in temperature, low precipitation and extreme events and are concentrated around: Low yield Decrease in sugar production. Inefficient planning of crushing campaign by millers and harvesting period extended. Penalties by buyer, for unable to supply required amount of sugar as per contract. Required underground water for irrigation. Hence competition with other crops. Emergence of pests and diseases. Replantation constraints. Decrease of GDP. Decrease in foreign currency return. Affect policy and national budget program. Economic dis-balance Having an overview of the potential impacts of climate change on the Mauritian Sugarcane Industry, its effect can be reduced by formulating the right mitigation and adaptation strategies. Both strategies are of uttermost importance in the sense that; mitigation would mainly focus on stratagems required to limits further deterioration of the global climate and adaptation would address specific issues on how to reduce the severity of climate change due to past and future emission by mankind. Therefore the objective of this paper is to prepare an adaptation and mitigation plan on how to make the sugarcane industry viable and continue to be effective in projected harsh climatic conditions like higher temperature, low precipitation and extreme events. 2.0Â  Adaptation strategies 2.1 Government involvement The Government of Mauritius being a signatory of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and member in several international bodies like IPCC, World Climate Programme of the World Meteorological Organisation and UNFCCC, is duty bound to fulfil its commitment in mitigating and preparation of its national adaptation plan for climate change. Furthermore, in the wake of framing the adaptation plan, the leadership of the government is crucial for its concretisation together with all stakeholders. Government of Mauritius should play a central role in the development of an adaptation strategy for the sugarcane sector pertaining to policy formulation, research and development, fund disbursement, role of institutions among others. The concept of Maurice Ile Durable is the right project which is looking into climate adaptation strategies. 2.2Â  Research and development Assessment proves that climate change particularly due to low rainfall and rise in temperature would affect sugar cane production if the existing varieties together with operational framework are maintained. Therefore, to mitigate the effect of water stress due to low rainfall and high temperature, researches should be oriented toward breeding new cultivars that would be drought resistant and at the same time withstand higher temperature. There is real potential in breeding new varieties, like evocated by Inman-Bamber et al., (2012) that sugarcane cultivar differences in drought adaptation exist and concurrently, Matthieson (2007) further stated that plant breeders should therefore continue to breed varieties that tolerate drought conditions or greater water use efficiency. Another strategy could be that growers drop single variety plantation throughout their fields and move to multi-cultivars field cover which would decrease the risk of collateral damage in the event of failure of o ne particular variety due to water stress (Challinor et al., 2007). Pests and diseases incidences are expected to increase with climate change and they are even expected to be difficult to control due to alteration of their genomes (Harmon et al., 2009). To that regard, together with plant breeding program, biotechnology could be an essential tool in developing new cultivars which would be pests and diseases resistant and their release could be faster in an eventual outbreaks. As stated by Cheavegatti-Gianotto et al. (2011) that apart from conventional breeding of new varieties to shadow the effect of climate change, researchers should practice biotechnology so as to diminish abiotic and biotic stresses associated with sugarcane. These tasks are under the responsibilities of the Mauritius Sugarcane Industry Research Institute which is the sugarcane research and development arm of the Island. 2.3Â  Water and land requirement Water is expected to be a limited resources in the near future as a result of climate change and the effect of low water availability on sugar cane production is well known. Therefore, apart from having drought tolerant varieties, it is essential to curtail water wastage and inefficient use. In view thereof, introduction of appropriate irrigation technologies and schemes are fundamental like increasing use of supplementary water, optimisation of irrigation scheduled to maximise water use efficiency, effective irrigation water delivery technologies, and modification to row spacing, minimum tillage and the use of cover crops. Under its reform program of the sugarcane industry, the Government of Mauritius is already investing in the Field Operation, Re-grouping and Irrigation Project (FORIP). Since most small farmers fields are rain fed, thus the aim is to install irrigation facilities to these lands which would at time benefit the growers and also preparing to sustain future attack of climate change. Another ambitious project laid by the government is construction of additional dams for water storage and this would be an important strategy in mitigating the effect of low rainfall in the long run. Climate change would also affect the soil structure required by sugarcane for growth and maturing. Heavy rainfall, cyclone and thunderstorms as a result of climate change, impact the soil aggregate, causes surface runoff and affect infiltration rate (VÃ ¡rallyay, 2010). Furthermore, Brevik (2013) mapped response of plants to elevated atmospheric CO2level with soil nutrients (N and P) dis-balance and soil organic matter reduction essential to support growth and maintain soil stability. In Mauritius sugarcane is harvested either fresh of burnt. Therefore one possible way to mitigate effect of climate change would be adopting fresh harvest. This would imply leaving all residues in the fields which could be useful in weed suppression, increasing the content of organic matter in the soil which increases water holding capacity; improve soil structure and biological activity in the soil. Furthermore use of trash blanketing to intercept raindrops and increase water infiltration; conserve ti llage, and alter row configurations are also recommended. 2.4Â  Harvesting and milling requirement It is known that decrease yield would create some degree of uncertainty in planning for harvesting and crushing campaign. A potential strategy could be use of seasonal climate forecasts in planning for optimum harvesting and crushing season. Low yield would also entail poor viability and profitability of sugar mills. In this line, in the Multi Annual Adaptation Strategy (MAAS) mentioned has been made for centralisation of existing sugar factories into clusters so as to be more efficient and profitable. Previously there were 21 factories around the island and now with the reform spelled under MAAS, there are 4 big flexi-factories which are operational. Despite sugarcane is mainly cultivated for sugar production, yet derivatives products like energy from bagasse and bio-fuel from molasses are having increasing important. The concept of flexi-factory resides around the fact that the mill can instantly shift from its main product which is sugar, in case of an event, to another production like electricity from biomass. This could become an economic opportunity in case the primary industry is affected with regard to low sucrose content within the crop stand. 2.5Â  Extreme events (Cyclone) More cyclone with higher intensity is expected as a result of climate change and such occurrence would affect the whole industry. During cyclone the crop would be affected seriously which would require additional post cyclone inputs for the re-establishment. As an adaptation strategy, it is therefore proposed to plant trees around the field to act as windbreak. In order to mitigate the financial losses to be incurred by planters in an event of cyclone, government should encourage growers to take insurance policy again the associated risk. 2.6Â  Economic implications Financial shortfall due to low sugar production could have serious economic consequences for all stakeholders of the industry including national budgetary planning. To lessen the economic burden that might result due to climate change, initiatives like diversification of the economy is imperative. Emerging sectors like ICT and offshores are already in the pipeline of the central government policy framework. Since Mauritius has a contractual obligation to supply 400, 000 tonnes of refined white sugar annually to the buyer, therefore a good initiative has recently been taken which deal with importing raw sugar from other partner countries and reprocessing same into white sugar. This step fill the gap if ever the quota is not met as a result of climate change. 3.0Â  Barriers to effective adaptation plan for the sugarcane industry In the attempt to prepare an effective adaptation plan for the Mauritian Sugarcane industry to continue to be resilient despite facing the negative impacts of climate change, several barriers emerged. The barriers are particularly categorised in four main pillars pertaining to regulatory, organisational, market failure and behavioural barriers. 3.1Â  Regulatory barriers The central government has a very important role to play in the preparation of the adaptation strategies for policy and regulatory making. As evocated earlier that biotechnology could prove to be an essential tool for designing new cultivars that would suit and adapt climate change. Moreover, one barrier that exist is that there is no proper piece of legislation so far that would legalised biotechnology and genetically modified organism. Another barrier is not enough fund and resources being allocated to the sugar cane industry these days hence constraints for the scientist to explore deeper for potential varieties. It is often observed that in the Finance Act these days marginal finance is deployed to RD for sugarcane industry in fact there is reduction of staff and cut cost process. Mentioned has also been made for insurance cover but the constraint that might arose is government intervention with private companies or for subsidies initiatives. Government processes always take time and this would acting as an obstacle for prompt intervention to help and assist for farmers in distress following extreme events like cyclone. Mentioned has also been made for the concept of flexi-factory pertaining to electricity generation rather than sugar manufacture in extreme event. The biggest draw back and barrier for this concept is that planters, entitlement. The current law makes provision for planters being remunerated for amount of recoverable sugar from their cane and a very marginal return from bagasse used to generate electricity. Therefore if no proper act is enacted where equitable share of return is given to the planters’ community then the take-off of the flexi-factory project particularly for energy production would be hindered. 3.1.1Â  Organisational Barrier Disputes between millers and farmers are omnipresent when sugarcane quality supplied to the factories come in to play. Arbitration of disputes have never been an easy and rapid task since it has legal implications. Therefore in circumstances of extreme event where the sucrose per cent is low, millers would refused to take the cane for milling until a decision is not taken by competent authorities. The time taken by organisation to make a decision would result in more economic losses to planters since already harvested canes deteriorate with time if milling delayed. 3.1.2 Market failures It is proposed that raw sugar be imported from other countries and reprocessed into refine white sugar in case the quota not fulfilled from local production. But the main constraint might be market accessibility and acceptability. There is a growing concern for fair trade these days where all cultural practices are documented and norms respected. Moreover, if raw sugar is used from a country which does not satisfy the standards, then this strategy would just fail and its recurrent might end up the contractual agreement, then further problem would arise in searching for alternate potential buyers. 3.1.3 Behavioural barriers. Acceptance of GMO is still having some ethnical refusal and this would act as a barrier in developing new resistant varieties. It is commonly observed that planters are more attached to traditional farming and system and they are quite resistant in adopting new strategies like regrouping and mechanisation. Therefore this is impeding the ambitious project of FORIP to reach its cruised speed with the objective to mitigate the effects of climate change. 4.0Â  Mitigation strategies In the attempt of decreasing considerably green-house gas emission in the atmosphere, sugarcane industry could play a role model. The co-generation of electricity recently embraced by the sugarcane industry is a good show piece. In this concept, during the harvesting period, the power plant utilised bagasse instead of coal to produce electricity for export to the national grid. The sugarcane industry is a whole picture in itself where every emission from power plant are trapped back by the sugarcane plant which is well known for its carbon dioxide fixing capability. Another by-product which came out from the processing of sugar is filter cake (scum). The scum is used as bio-fertiliser in grower’s fields. This strategy decreases the dependency on chemical fertiliser and at the same time helps in soil conservation. 5.0Â  Conclusion To conclude, the impacts of climate change is likely to affect all stakeholders of the Mauritian Sugarcane Industry throughout all its operating value chain. Having a good adaptation plan is important but to be successful, the adaptation strategies demand for active participation of each and every one. Moreover, not all strategies could easily be implemented because there are barriers that prevent its effective implementation. Furthermore as always said prevention is better than cure, then it is equally important to have a climate change mitigation framework with aim not to further deteriorate the already affected climate. References McSweeney, C., M. New and G. Lizcano (2010). UNDP Climate Change Country Profiles: Mauritius. School of Geography and Environment, University of Oxford. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. http://country-profiles.geog.ox.ac.uk Muchow, R.C., Robertson M.J. and Keating, B.A. (1997). Limits to the Australian sugar industry: climatic and biological factors. In ‘Intensive sugarcane production: meeting the challenges Beyond 2000. BA Keating, JR Wilson (eds) pp. 37–54. (CAB International: Wallingford, UK). Mathieson L (2007). Climate change and the Australian Sugar Industry: Impacts, adaptation and R D opportunities. Sugar Research and Development Corporation. Australia. Challinor A, Wheeler T, Garforth C, Craufurd P, Kassam A (2007). Assessing the vulnerability of food crop systems in Africa to climate change. Climate Change 83:381-399. Inman-Bamber N G, Lakshmanan P, Park S (2012). Sugarcane for water-limited environments: Theoretical assessment of suitable traits. Field Crops Res. 134:95–104. Harmon, J.P., Moran N.A. and Ives, R.A. (2009). Species Response to Environmental Change: Impacts of Food Web Interactions and Evolution. Science 323:1347. Cheavegatti-Gianotto A, Abreu H M C, Arruda P, Bespalhok F J C, Burnquist W L, Creste S, Ciero L, Ferro J A, Oliveira F A V, Sousa F T, Grossi-de-SÃ ¡ M F, Guzzo E C, Hoffmann H P, Andrade L M G, Matsuoka S, Castro R F, Romano E, Silva W J, Castro S F M, CÃ ©sar U E (2011). Sugarcane (Saccharum X officinarum): A Reference Study for the Regulation of Genetically Modified Cultivars in Brazil. Tropical Plant Biol. 4(1):62-89. Park, S., Howden, M. and Horan, H. (2007). Evaluating the impact of and capacity for adaptation to climate change on sectors in the sugar industry value chain in Australia. Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists 26, 312-324. Multi Annual Adaptation Strategy Report, (2006 – 2015), Mauritius. Brevik, E.C. (2013). The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Soil Properties and Processes and Corresponding Influence on Food Security VÃ ¡rallyay, G. (2010). The impact of climate change on soils and on their water management. Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (RISSAC) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. Agronomy Research 8 (Special Issue II), 385–396

A Freudian Perspective of Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- GCSE English

Macbeth:   A Freudian Perspective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth and Lady Macbeth   We may take as an example of a person who collapses on reaching success, after striving for it with single-minded energy, the figure of Shakespeare's Lady Macbeth. Beforehand there is no hesitation, no sign of any internal conflict in her, no endeavour but that of overcoming the scruples of her ambitious and yet tender-minded husband. She is ready to sacrifice even her womanliness to her murderous intention, without reflecting on the decisive part which this womanliness must play when the question afterwards arises of preserving the aim of her ambition, which has been attained through a crime.    Analytic work has no difficulty in showing us that it is forces of conscience which forbid the subject to gain the long-hoped-for advantage from the fortunate change in reality. It is a difficult task, however, to discover the essence and origin of these judging and punishing trends, which so often surprise us by their existence where we do not expect to find them. For the usual reasons I shall not discuss what we know or conjecture on the point in relation to cases of clinical observation, but in relation to figures which great writers have created from the wealth of their knowledge of the mind. We may take as an example of a person who collapses on reaching success, after striving for it with single-minded energy, the figure of Shakespeare's Lady Macbeth. Beforehand there is no hesitation, no sign of any internal conflict in her, no endeavour but that of overcoming the scruples of her ambitious and yet tender-minded husband. She is ready to sacrifice even her womanliness to her murderous intention, without reflecting on the decisive part which this womanl... ... Die Braut von Messina, III v. Strachey and Tyson (eds.).   Ã‚   Endnote 2 Cf. Macbeth, Act III, sc. I: Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown, And put a barren sceptre in my gripe, Thence to be wrenched with an unlineal hand, No son of mine succeeding ...   Ã‚   Endnote 3 As is Richard III's wooing of Anne beside the bier of the King whom he has murdered.   Ã‚   Endnote 4 Freud had already suggested this in the first edition of The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Standard Edition, IV 266. Strachey and Tyson (eds.).   Ã‚   Endnote 5 This does not appear to have been published. In a later paper on Macbeth Jekels (1917) barely refers to this theory, apart from quoting the present paragraph. In a still later paper, on The Psychology of Comedy, Jekels (1926) returns to the subject, but again very briefly. Strachey and Tyson (eds.).     

Normative Economics

Republican and democratic candidates in the upcoming elections have tabled proposals on how to reform healthcare in the country. They all agree on need for reforms but differ on the proposed action. The debate has been sparked by reports indicating that many Americans are uninsured. According to U.S census bureau, 47 million Americans were uninsured in 2006 up from 44.8 million in 2005. An increase of 22 million or 15.8%.The proportion of the insured by government schemes also went down from 27.3% to 27.0% in that year (www.census.gov 2007).   A report by families USA puts the figures much higher. It indicates that 89.6 million Americans below 65 years of age were uninsured at time in the last two years. (www.familiesusa.org) These figures show that there really is a health insurance crisis in the country. This is by far biggest subject of the health reform debate in the country.Republicans propose that the government provide incentives for the poor to get private life insurance. T hey oppose government playing on active role in provision of insurance cover. The Democrats on their part advocate for a universal health care plan. Their proposals require that everybody must get covered.Thesis Democrats have a better health reform agenda than the Republicans. The Democrats proposal to make health care affordable and accessible to all Americans is better than the republican proposal, which offer, subsidizes low-income families.  Proponent’s Position.Democrats propose that to reform the health sector the government must come in to promote accessibility by all Americans through universal coverage. (www.democrats.org, 2007)Opponent’s PositionRepublicans emphasize on reforms in healthcare based on free market principles they would offer incentives to the people to taking private life insurance policies. (www.gop.com, 2007)Proponent’s PositionDemocrats have come up with a plan that ensures that everybody is covered and paying a premium that is wit hin their means. They support a universal health care plan. The health plan targets the uninsured and those not satisfied with their current insurance. Senator Hillary’s American Health Choices Plan requires that the government and big employees make contribution to the employee’s health plan. Small businesses on their part will be let off. They wont contribute but will in fact receive tax credits so that they are able to cover their employees.Under the AHCP, insurance and drug companies will use be highly regulated. Insurance companies will not deny anybody cover due to a pre-existing condition for they foresee somebody falling sick. The drug manufacturers will be pushed to lower the cost of medication. She identifies the greed of these two industries as a major limiting factor to affordable health care for all.In the AHCP, individuals must get insured. It is called ‘choices’ plan as it allows one to choose whether to retain current cover or get into the one provided by government. Individuals will pay a premium that is within their means. To keep the premiums low, they will be capped to correspond to individual’s income. This way nobody will be required to pay more than they can afford. The plan also avails tax credit to working families. That way, they are able to access quality insurance cover. The plan also aims at expanding Medicaid and children’s health insurance program to reach more people.John Edwards, another Democratic candidate unveiled almost similar plan to that of Senator Clinton. It also agitates for universal coverage with employers to government making contribution. The plan is also mandatory for all Americans. (johnedwards.com, 2007). To fund these grand plans, the candidates have indicated that they will rescind tax breaks and subsidies to insurance providers. Senator Clinton also requires that large employers make contribution towards their employee’s health cover. Her plan also emphasizes o n cost cutting through increased efficiency and use of preventive medicationStrengths of The Democrats’ Proposal.The proposed universal health care plans ensures that everybody affords insurance cover Senator Clinton’s AHCP ensures that every body is covered and paying an affordable premium. It makes it mandatory for all people to get health insurance coverage but allows them the choice of their policy. This way it does not force one in to buying insurance cover they are not comfortable with.The proposed plan also ensures that nobody is denied insurance coverage. Insurance providers are obliged to provide cover for all without discrimination on the grounds of a pre-existing condition or in anticipation of illness. This brings in a big number of people who were shunned by insurance companies due to condition such as schizophrenia and HIV/ AIDS. (www.democrats.org, 2007)The plan does not require small businesses to contribute to the universal health care plan rather it g rants them tax credits. This way the employees of these small businesses stay afloat. This will be incentive for small businesses to expand.The AHCP also emphasizes on cost cutting in health care. It champions preventive measures that are cheaper than curative medication. It also champions greater efficiency and modernization in health care delivery that would bring down costsWeaknessesThe universal health plan requires huge funding and this may result to higher taxes for the American public. Senator Clinton puts the cost of her plan at $110 billion while John Edward put his at $120 billion. The figure is tentative and might go higher than that. The planned source may also not deliver as much funds as projected senator Clintons plan to generate savings by boosting efficiency may also not generate enough funds. This would leave only the options of a tax rise as John Edwards concedes. (www.ontheissue.org) Higher taxes will burden the public further and will not be welcome.Government i nvolvement will cause inefficiencies in service delivery. Government involvement will only lead to a huge bureaucracy with a lot of red tape. This might aggravate the crisis. Without a profit motive, he plan might offer sluggish and poor quality servicesOpponents’ positionRepublican candidates propose that the government subsidize low-income families to help them access health care rather than providing a universal plan as a way to enhance accessibility. The Republican are opposed to government involvement in provision of health insurance. (www.gop.com, 2007)Rudy Giuliani, a Republican candidate in his plan offers tax deductions of $15,000 to families and $7500 for individuals. These deductions will enable families to access health care. He also proposes to give families and individuals vouchers to buy policies. He would encourage individuals buy covers of their choice as a way to make savings. Individuals would have to pay for minor check-ups as they would to their cars. He also stressed the need for people to take care of their health and not leave it to the government. (Elliott, Philip, 2007)Mitt Romney is agitating for individuals to purchase private insurance. He stresses that government interference will worsen the situation. He proposed tax breaks but not universal coverage plan. That would push up taxes. (www.ontheissues.org, 2007)The Republican propose that health insurance should be left to individual’s choices rather than employer and government schemes. They offer what they call an American solution to the problem. They stand for free market principles and are opposed to socialist tendencies in health care. They do not require that everybody must have health insurance cover. They justify try to create an incentive for individuals to join.Strengths of The Republicans proposals The Republican proposals ensure that the freedom of choice of consumers is safeguarded. Since they know their health better, individuals will decide on which pol icy in the market suits them best.Health saving plans as proposed by republicans will encourage individuals to save for future health expenses. This will promote more health lifestyle among the people. The insured gain more control over the financing of their health care.Tax deductions and vouchers would enable a big number of people to access quality health care. Neither would they disrupt health care delivery the way universal plan would. These fiscal measures are actually being implemented and would not be experimental.The republican proposals are business friendly in that they do not require large employers to make huge contributions to their employee’s health coversThey also come up with a health care service that is free of long bureaucratic procedures. Different insurance providers will compete to provide the most efficient and customer friendly covers. (www.joinrudy2008.com)WeaknessesThe republicans fail to address the issue rising medical costs and rising insurance p remiums. They give the insurance companies a free hand that results in only higher policies.The subsidies offered may not be adequate to male health insurance cover affordable to all people. This will lead to part of the population remaining uncovered.Most of the proposals made are similar to those implemented under the Bush administration. They are not offering any new solutions to the persisting problems of skyrocketing premiums and medical costs. They emphasize on free market principles that have put the countries in its current predicament.  The republican proposals do not tackle the issue of discrimination by the insurance industry insurance providers are not obligated to cover people with pre-existing conditions. Vouchers will not be of any use to such people as they will not get covers anywayConclusionThe democrats’ health agenda is definitely better than the republican agenda on health. It talks the failures of the healthcare system in place today. The democrats hav e tabled plans on how to make health care more affordable and accessible that are more convincing. They require that every body be covered while leaving rooms for choice on the policy. Their plan covers everybody and also ensures that the premiums are affordable.The net wise in taxes will not be huge as the cost of not implementing the plan. When sick people cannot pay for their health cover the community will have to bear the burden.Universal coverage has been implemented in other advanced countries and would also improve health care in the US.References:Highlights, 2007. Health insurance coverage: 2006. Retrieved on 04/10/07A Healthcare That Works for Everybody, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.democrats.org/a/national/affordable_health_care/Making Healthcare Affordable to all Americans, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.gop.com/Issues/HealthCare/American Health Choices Plan, 2007. Hillary for president. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.hillaryclinton.com/fe ature/healthcareplan/summary.aspxHealthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s health plan, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment.php?num=7Mitt Romney on Healthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.ontheissues.org/2008/Mitt_Romney_Health_Care.htmElliott, Philip, 2007. Giuliani: Dems Want Nanny Government. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from  Ã‚   http://apnews.myway.com/article/20070730/D8QN4AHO0.html Normative Economics Republican and democratic candidates in the upcoming elections have tabled proposals on how to reform healthcare in the country. They all agree on need for reforms but differ on the proposed action. The debate has been sparked by reports indicating that many Americans are uninsured. According to U.S census bureau, 47 million Americans were uninsured in 2006 up from 44.8 million in 2005. An increase of 22 million or 15.8%. The proportion of the insured by government schemes also went down from 27.3% to 27.0% in that year (www.census.gov 2007).   A report by families USA puts the figures much higher. It indicates that 89.6 million Americans below 65 years of age were uninsured at time in the last two years. (www.familiesusa.org) These figures show that there really is a health insurance crisis in the country. This is by far biggest subject of the health reform debate in the country.Republicans propose that the government provide incentives for the poor to get private life insurance. They oppose government playing on active role in provision of insurance cover. The Democrats on their part advocate for a universal health care plan. Their proposals require that everybody must get covered.ThesisDemocrats have a better health reform agenda than the Republicans. The Democrats proposal to make health care affordable and accessible to all Americans is better than the republican proposal, which offer, subsidizes low-income families.Proponent’s Position.Democrats propose that to reform the health sector the government must come in to promote accessibility by all Americans through universal coverage. (www.democrats.org, 2007)Opponent’s PositionRepublicans emphasize on reforms in healthcare based on free market principles they would offer incentives to the people to taking private life insurance policies. (www.gop.com, 2007)Proponent’s PositionDemocrats have come up with a plan that ensures that everybody is covered and paying a premium that is within their means. They support a universal health care plan. The health plan targets the uninsured and those not satisfied with their current insurance. Senator Hillary’s American Health Choices Plan requires that the government and big employees make contribution to the employee’s health plan. Small businesses on their part will be let off. They wont contribute but will in fact receive tax credits so that they are able to cover their employees.Under the AHCP, insurance and drug companies will use be highly regulated. Insurance companies will not deny anybody cover due to a pre-existing condition for they foresee somebody falling sick. The drug manufacturers will be pushed to lower the cost of medication. She identifies the greed of these two industries as a major limiting factor to affordable health care for all.  In the AHCP, individuals must get insured. It is called ‘choices’ plan as it allows one to choose whether to retain current cover or get into the one provided by government. Individuals will pay a premium that is within their means. To keep the premiums low, they will be capped to correspond to individual’s income. This way nobody will be required to pay more than they can afford. The plan also avails tax credit to working families. That way, they are able to access quality insurance cover. The plan also aims at expanding Medicaid and children’s health insurance program to reach more people.John Edwards, another Democratic candidate unveiled almost similar plan to that of Senator Clinton. It also agitates for universal coverage with employers to government making contribution. The plan is also mandatory for all Americans. (johnedwards.com, 2007). To fund these grand plans, the candidates have indicated that they will rescind tax breaks and subsidies to insurance providers. Senator Clinton also requires that large employers make contribution towards their employee’s health cover. Her plan also emphasizes o n cost cutting through increased efficiency and use of preventive medicationStrengths of The Democrats’ Proposal.The proposed universal health care plans ensures that everybody affords insurance cover Senator Clinton’s AHCP ensures that every body is covered and paying an affordable premium. It makes it mandatory for all people to get health insurance coverage but allows them the choice of their policy. This way it does not force one in to buying insurance cover they are not comfortable with.The proposed plan also ensures that nobody is denied insurance coverage. Insurance providers are obliged to provide cover for all without discrimination on the grounds of a pre-existing condition or in anticipation of illness. This brings in a big number of people who were shunned by insurance companies due to condition such as schizophrenia and HIV/ AIDS. (www.democrats.org, 2007)The plan does not require small businesses to contribute to the universal health care plan rather it g rants them tax credits. This way the employees of these small businesses stay afloat. This will be incentive for small businesses to expand.The AHCP also emphasizes on cost cutting in health care. It champions preventive measures that are cheaper than curative medication. It also champions greater efficiency and modernization in health care delivery that would bring down costsWeaknessesThe universal health plan requires huge funding and this may result to higher taxes for the American public. Senator Clinton puts the cost of her plan at $110 billion while John Edward put his at $120 billion. The figure is tentative and might go higher than that. The planned source may also not deliver as much funds as projected senator Clintons plan to generate savings by boosting efficiency may also not generate enough funds. This would leave only the options of a tax rise as John Edwards concedes. (www.ontheissue.org) Higher taxes will burden the public further and will not be welcome.Government i nvolvement will cause inefficiencies in service delivery. Government involvement will only lead to a huge bureaucracy with a lot of red tape. This might aggravate the crisis. Without a profit motive, he plan might offer sluggish and poor quality servicesOpponents’ positionRepublican candidates propose that the government subsidize low-income families to help them access health care rather than providing a universal plan as a way to enhance accessibility. The Republican are opposed to government involvement in provision of health insurance. (www.gop.com, 2007)Rudy Giuliani, a Republican candidate in his plan offers tax deductions of $15,000 to families and $7500 for individuals. These deductions will enable families to access health care. He also proposes to give families and individuals vouchers to buy policies. He would encourage individuals buy covers of their choice as a way to make savings. Individuals would have to pay for minor check-ups as they would to their cars. He also stressed the need for people to take care of their health and not leave it to the government. (Elliott, Philip, 2007)Mitt Romney is agitating for individuals to purchase private insurance. He stresses that government interference will worsen the situation. He proposed tax breaks but not universal coverage plan. That would push up taxes. (www.ontheissues.org, 2007)The Republican propose that health insurance should be left to individual’s choices rather than employer and government schemes. They offer what they call an American solution to the problem. They stand for free market principles and are opposed to socialist tendencies in health care. They do not require that everybody must have health insurance cover. They justify try to create an incentive for individuals to join.Strengths of The Republicans proposalsThe Republican proposals ensure that the freedom of choice of consumers is safeguarded. Since they know their health better, individuals will decide on which poli cy in the market suits them best.Health saving plans as proposed by republicans will encourage individuals to save for future health expenses. This will promote more health lifestyle among the people. The insured gain more control over the financing of their health care.Tax deductions and vouchers would enable a big number of people to access quality health care. Neither would they disrupt health care delivery the way universal plan would. These fiscal measures are actually being implemented and would not be experimental.The republican proposals are business friendly in that they do not require large employers to make huge contributions to their employee’s health coversThey also come up with a health care service that is free of long bureaucratic procedures. Different insurance providers will compete to provide the most efficient and customer friendly covers. (www.joinrudy2008.com)WeaknessesThe republicans fail to address the issue rising medical costs and rising insurance pr emiums. They give the insurance companies a free hand that results in only higher policies.The subsidies offered may not be adequate to male health insurance cover affordable to all people. This will lead to part of the population remaining uncovered.Most of the proposals made are similar to those implemented under the Bush administration. They are not offering any new solutions to the persisting problems of skyrocketing premiums and medical costs. They emphasize on free market principles that have put the countries in its current predicament.The republican proposals do not tackle the issue of discrimination by the insurance industry insurance providers are not obligated to cover people with pre-existing conditions. Vouchers will not be of any use to such people as they will not get covers anywayConclusionThe democrats’ health agenda is definitely better than the republican agenda on health. It talks the failures of the healthcare system in place today. The democrats have tab led plans on how to make health care more affordable and accessible that are more convincing. They require that every body be covered while leaving rooms for choice on the policy. Their plan covers everybody and also ensures that the premiums are affordable.The net wise in taxes will not be huge as the cost of not implementing the plan. When sick people cannot pay for their health cover the community will have to bear the burden.Universal coverage has been implemented in other advanced countries and would also improve health care in the US.References:Highlights, 2007. Health insurance coverage: 2006. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from   http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/hlthins/hlthin06/hlth06asc.htmlA Healthcare That Works for Everybody, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.democrats.org/a/national/affordable_health_care/Making Healthcare Affordable to all Americans, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.gop.com/Issues/HealthCare/American Health Choices Plan, 2007. Hillary for pr esident. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.hillaryclinton.com/feature/healthcareplan/summary.aspxHealthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s health plan, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment.php?num=7Mitt Romney on Healthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.ontheissues.org/2008/Mitt_Romney_Health_Care.htmElliott, Philip, 2007. Giuliani: Dems Want Nanny Government. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from  Ã‚   http://apnews.myway.com/article/20070730/D8QN4AHO0.html

France vs America essays

France vs America essays A Comaprison between France and America There are few countries in the world that share as similar governmental structures as the United States and France. It would be expected, however, that France and America would share such similarities in government based upon the fact that the original French Constitution was inspired by the U.S. constitution. Like America, France has an Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch. However, the processes by which tasks are carried out by each of these branches are all slightly different from that of the United States. It is for this reason that the comparison of these two countries is so interesting; broadly speaking, both governments appear very similar, however, when looked at more closely there are smaller distinctions that keep them separate and unique. While examining the smaller differences between both countries, the chief distinction between the two governmentsthe political party system-will be discussed in detail. France today is one of the most modern countries in the world and is a leader among European nations. In 1958, France constructed a presidential democracy that has been resistant to the instabilities that other parliamentary democracies have faced. In recent years, Frances reconciliation and cooperation with Germany have proved to be key in the economic integration of Europe, which includes the introduction of a common exchange currency, the euro, in January 1999. Currently, France is at the forefront of European states and it continues to grow as a more unified and capable country. France, like the United States, is a republic with a written constitution. As previously noted, the French constitution was modeled after the U.S. constitution containing a preamble, seventeen articles, as well as illustrating the principle of the separation of powers. The French Constitution also spells out natural and indefeasible rights such as liberty, property, ...

Presidents essays

Presidents essays Puerto Ricos president is George W. Bush. Their currency is a U.S. dollar. 1.00 = 1.00. One historical aspect of Puerto Rico is the Taino Indians. The Taino Indians inhabited the territory called the island Boriken or Borinquen which means the great of the valient and noble Lord or land of the great lords. Today that word is still popularly used to help the people and the island of Puerto Rico. The Taino indians came from South America. They lived in small villages and inhabited the major portion when the Spaniards came. Three major cities I would like to visit are San Juan, Rio Grande, and Penuelas. All of those cities have nice dining areas and fun festivities. They all are by the beaches and some have beautiful rain forests. They all look like a great place to relax and have a nice summer. Just to go by yourself or with a friend or two. Perus president is Alberto Fujimori. The currency of Peru is called Nuevo Sol. 1.00 = 3.31300. One historical aspect of Peru is Machu Picchu. Machu Picchu is a fortress of the ancient Incas. It is peacefully nestled in a high saddle between two peaks in the Andes Mountains. Three cities I would like to visit are Lima, Cuzco, and Ica. I would want to visit Lima because it is the capital of Peru. I heard that the capitals are very popular. I would like to visit Cuzco because that is where the ruins of Machu Picchu lay. I would like to hike up there and take pictures. I want to visit Ica because that is close by the Andes Mountains. I love to take pictures of mountains and hike up there. These places would be nice places to vacate at. Mexicos president is Vincente Fox. Their currency is called pesos. 1.00 U.S.D = to 11.3355 MXN pesos. One cultural aspect in Mexico is Dia de los Muertos. This is the day where the people of Mexico celebrate the dead. They go to graveyards and give their dead loved ones offerings. Th ...

Target Corporation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Target Corporation - Case Study Example After SWOT analysis the report contains analysis of macro environment of the company which includes details about its economy, culture, politics and technology. The overall report is followed by a conclusion stating what has been mentioned and discussed in the report. Introduction Target Corporation, an American retailing company with its headquarters in Minneapolis, Minnesota is among the second largest discount providing retailer after Wal-Mart in United States. It was founded in the year 1902 and characterized as the Dayton Dry Goods Company and also one of the first Target stores which have been opened near Roseville, Minnesota in 1962. It operates 1556 stores in 47 states. Target stores, Mervyn’s and Marshall Field’s were the three main retail divisions of Target which was formerly known as Dayton Hudson Corporation. It offered fashion conscious upscale products at affordable price thus distinguishing itself from competitors. Hudson’s and Marshall’s w ere department stores offering sophisticated costly products to the mooned customers while Target and Mervyn’s offering apparel and recreational items to the budget conscious customers. Target received America’s Corporate Conscience Award in 1989 and contributed over $2 million to the communities where the stores were located (ABOUT, 2012). Target continued to be the biggest money maker of Dayton Hudson’s Corporation in 21st century with a successful business mix of trendy merchandise and easy to navigate quality stores. Fifty expanded Target Great land stores were open in 1990 which was combined by general merchandise mix with grocery store. The Target Guest Card which is the first store credit card was introduced in 1995 which attracted around nine million accounts by 1998. With the growth of Target and being the largest division of Dayton Hudson Corporation the company was then renamed in August 2000 as Target Corporation. In 2002 Target generated 84 percent of fiscal revenue from 1225 stores located in 47 states. In 2010 it was ranked at number 33 in Fortune 500 companies. It is also a component of Standard & Poor’s 500 index. Target Corporation expanded business in Canada in January 2011. By 2013 it plans to operate 100 to 150 stores in Canada (ABOUT, 2012). The mission of Target Corporation is to provide outstanding value, exceptional guest experience through continuous innovation while fulfilling Except More, Pay Less promise and become the preferred shopping destination for guests. Positioning of Target Corporation was based on quality, style, trend and not just pricing. Today Target operates more than 1600 outlets in 47 States which includes grocery shopping, photo processing centers, pharmacies, food avenues, in-store bakery, deli, and meat and production section. Target Corporation used attractive promotional strategies for advertisement and became the second largest discount retailer in United States by 2002. Main compet itors of Target were Wal-Mart and K-Mart. When K-Mart declared bankruptcy the only competitor for Target remains Wal-Mart is one of the retailers which leads the market and industry in terms of sales and size. Target Corporation’s key element of success was its ability of communicating effectively the unique position of company through

Jhonsan&jhonsan case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Jhonsan&jhonsan - Case Study Example Johnson & Johnson has used the diversification strategy for international expansion and gaining more competitive advantage in the market. It has developed over 200 companies across the globe and deployed 120,000 employees in these companies (Award, 2010). The corporate strategy aims at improving the Johnson & Johnson’s structure through proper organizational design. The design has led to the formulation of a decentralized divisional structure which has encouraged the proper flow of information. It has also enhanced working relationships between activities and functional department. Furthermore, the decentralized divisional structure has allowed different stakeholders with different skills to bring together different technologies and products. This has led to satisfying the unmet needs of customers (Award, 2010). Synergy has assisted the Johnson & Johnson to acquire sustainable competitive advantage. The CEO Weldon has come up with a decentralized divisional structure to foster synergy. He has used the structure in assessing external environment to identify a number of forces. The first one is demographic that determine how population growth have affected demand of Johnson & Johnson’s products not only across New Brunswick, USA, and New Jersey but also in 60 countries in the globe. The second one is socio-cultural factor that examine social issues such as poverty that affect the purchasing power of Johnson & Johnson’s products by the people in the globe (Award, 2010). The third one is technological factor which determines the available healthcare technology such as Cougar Biotechnology and breast implant maker. The next factor is political which examines the requirement that local and national authorities expect Johnson & Johnson to meet in supplying and handling health care products. The last one is economic factors that reveal how currency fluctuates and how it may affect the costs of